Stutthof concentration camp Stutthof was a Nazi concentration camp established by Nazi Germany in a secluded, marshy, and wooded area near the small town of Stutthof (now Sztutowo) 34 km (21 mi) east of the city of Danzig in the territory of the Free City of Danzig. Others labored in local brickyards, in private industrial enterprises, in agriculture, or in the camp's own workshops. Stutthof was the first camp outside German borders, in operation from 2 September 1939, and the last camp liberated by the Allies on 9 May 1945. Bruno Dey, a 93-year-old former SS guard at the Stutthof concentration camp near what is now . It was during this time as a slave labourer that he met lifelong friend Zigi Shipper. A two-year suspended sentence in line with that requested by prosecutors was handed down by the Itzehoe state court in northern Germany. Why Did Ancient Egyptian Men Wear Makeup? A total of 295 women guards worked as staff in the Stutthof complex of camps. SS-Aufseherin Jenny Wanda Barkmann - death by hanging 3. Grese, who was passing on a bicycle, immediately got off, took off her leather belt and beat the woman with it. In June 2022, a 101-year-old former guard at the Sachsenhausen concentration camp (north of Berlin) was sentenced to five years in prison. Situated near Sztutowo, a small town about. About 5,000 prisoners from Stutthof subcamps were marched to the Baltic Sea coast, forced into the water, and machine gunned. [3], The camp was established in connection with the ethnic cleansing project that included the liquidation of Polish elites (members of the intelligentsia, religious and political leaders) in the Danzig area and Western Prussia.[1]. I PROMISE. The sub-camps of Stutthof included:[30][31][32], The evacuation of prisoners from the Stutthof camp system began on 25 January 1945. Found guilty of war crimes and sentenced to death. The former librarian, from Dresden, was a keen horsewoman who used stolen cash from prisoners to build an indoor riding arena at the Buchenwald camp, which housed 20,000 slave labourers. Support the channel by subscribing, liking, and sharing. 1939: 250 Polish citizens and P.O.W. The original camp (known as the old camp) was surrounded by barbed-wire fences. Loved seeing the nazi scum hanging,i hope they suffered a long agonising death. He was also tried in juvenile court despite his age, because his crimes were committed when he was a minor. [2][5], The fourth trial was also held before a Polish Special Criminal Court, from November 19, 1947, to November 29, 1947. [5] It is estimated that between 63,000 and 65,000 prisoners of Stutthof concentration camp and its subcamps died as a result of murder, starvation, epidemics, extreme labour conditions, brutal and forced evacuations, and a lack of medical attention. Between 25th April and 31th May before the Special Law Court at Danzig a trial was held against guards of the Stutthof Concentration Camp The accused were : 1. She died in 1989. In December of the same year, a 97-year-old former secretary of the Stutthof concentration camp in present-day Poland was given a two-year suspended prison sentence. Former Stutthof prisoners volunteered to serve as executioners for the public hanging on July 4, 1946. The former nurse took a four-week training course and was sent as an overseer to the Stutthof camp near Danzig.. [7], In 1942 the first German female SS Aufseherinnen guards arrived at Stutthof along with female prisoners. In 1943, the camp was enlarged and a new camp was constructed alongside the earlier one. The land was very wet, almost at sea level. Even before the war began, the German Selbstschutz in Pomerania created lists of people to be arrested,[3] and the Nazi authorities were secretly reviewing suitable places to set up concentration camps in their area. Many prisoners worked in SS-owned businesses such as DAW (Deutsche Ausrstungswerke, literally the 'German Equipment Works'), the heavily guarded armaments factory located inside the camp next to prisoner barracks. from. Originally, Stutthof was a civilian internment camp under the Danzig police chief. [7], On 5 May 1945, a barge full of starving prisoners was towed into harbour at Klintholm Havn in Denmark where 351 of the 370 on board were saved. (08.08.2019), One of the last trials against an ex-concentration camp guard began Thursday in Hamburg. She was known for whipping prisoners with her riding crop as she rode past and, according to some accounts, forcing them to have sex with her. . She committed suicide in 1967. The Executions of Nazi Stutthof camp SS female guards and kapos by former camp prisoners ThePastQuest 96K views 7 months ago Execution of Maria Masha Bruskina by nazi publicly hanging at. [1], The original camp (known as the old camp) was surrounded by the barbed-wire fence. Speaking through an interpreter, Koryski said he had seen SS guards put on sadistic "shows" to torture prisoners, includingoneinstance in which a son was forced to beat his father to death in front of other inmates. Some prisoners worked in SS-owned businesses such as the German Equipment Works (DAW), located near the camp. [14], Stutthof's registered inmates included citizens of 28 countries, and besides Jews and Poles Germans, Czechs, Dutch, Belgians, French, Norwegians, Finns, Danes, Lithuanians, Latvians, Belarusians, Russians, Croats and others. [39] On 28 September 2021, Frau Furchner left her home in Hamburg and failed to show for her hearing, she was captured on 30 September 2021 and the hearing was rescheduled for 19 October 2021. There were also Polish Jews from Warsaw and Bialystok, and Jews from forced-labor camps in the occupied Baltic states, which the Germans evacuated in 1944 as Soviet forces approached. Barkmann, Paradies, Becker, Klaff, Steinhoff (left to right) executed Jenny-Wanda Barkmann (c.1922 - July 4, 1946) was a Nazi concentration camp guard. The evacuation of prisoners from the Stutthof camp system in northern Poland began in January 1945. DW sends out a daily selection of hard news and quality feature journalism. From Gdask bus station, board the number 870 bus marked either 'Sztutowo' or 'Krynica Morska' from Platform 2 (Note that the service varies on . She called. He remembers searching for his mother, who had been in the women's camp at Stutthof, when he came across his friend Zigi. The prosecution accuses her of participating in the murder of inmates in the Stutthof concentration camp in present-day Poland, where she worked as a typist and secretary to the camp commander . Dey was sentenced to two years in prison. At the Auschwitz trial in Krakow, in 1947, Mandl was declared a war criminal and was executed by hanging on Jan. 24, 1948. The first trial of Stutthof criminals took place in 1946 in Gdansk, with Barkmann standing trial alongside 13 other defendants: During the trial, Barkmann flirted with guards, obsessed over her hair, and inappropriately giggled at times. Herta Bothe was a Nazi concentration camp guard at Ravensbrck-stutthof and Bergen-Belsen. Located 22 miles east of Danzig, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp in January 1942. One survivor, Lila Givner, told her 1978 trial: Kobyla was tall. A practice was established to tattoo the inmates with identification numbers. [3] Most of the infrastructure of the concentration camp was either destroyed or dismantled shortly after the war. Journey time by bus is about 80 minutes and costs 14.50z. In December, a 97-year-old former Nazi camp secretary was found guilty of being complicit in the murder of over 10,000 people at the Stutthof concentration camp that was located in occupied Poland. The camp is east of modern-day Gdansk and a short walk from the sea. Dave with an atitude like that you should be #12. Among these sites was the Stutthof camp. "It was a practical impossibility that [Furchner] could make her way into the camp from her home without knowing what was going on there.". [10], Among the notable female guard personnel were: Elisabeth Becker, Erna Beilhardt, Ella Bergmann, Ella Blank, Gerda Bork, Herta Bothe, Erna Boettcher, Hermine Boettcher-Brueckner, Steffi Brillowski, Charlotte Graf, Charlotte Gregor, Charlotte Klein, Gerda Steinhoff, Ewa Paradies, and Jenny-Wanda Barkmann. The womans face became swollen and blue.. In perhaps the last ever Nazi war crimes trial, Irmgard Furchner attended court in Germany for more than a year as prosecutors outlined their case against her. The first trial was held from 25 April to 31 May 1946, against 30 ex-officials and prisoner-guards of the camp. [10], In November 2018, Johann Rehbogen from Borken was tried in court for serving at Stutthof camp from June 1942 to September 1944. At her 1945 trial, survivor Dora Silverberg testified that Juana knocked her teeth out when she reported that her friend was very sick and couldnt walk to the working site because she was so weak. More than 60,000 people died in the camp. Eleven defendants including the former commander, Johann Pauls, were sentenced to death. She also personally hanged young female prisoners and beat two women to death with a leather whip. Now 97, she has been found guilty of aiding and abetting the murders of more than 10,500 detainees. The 99-year-old, who has not been identified, is thought to have worked as a guard at the Ravensbrck concentration camp between 1943 and 1945, authorities said. Originally, it was a civil prison camp for political enemies of the . The prisoners were marched in the direction of Lauenburg in eastern Germany. Eventually, the Stutthof camp system became a vast network of forced-labor camps; 105 Stutthof subcamps were established throughout northern and central German-occupied Poland. Any woman, even without work experience, could become a concentration camp guard. Cut off by advancing Soviet forces the Germans forced the surviving prisoners back to Stutthof. There she became known as the "Sadist of Stutthof" due to her brutal beatings of prisoners. In September 1939, the Germans established the Stutthof camp in a wooded area west of Stutthof (Sztutowo), a town about 22 miles east of Danzig (Gdansk). Millions of people suffered and died or were killed. Manfred Goldberg's younger brother Herman was murdered by the Nazis but Manfred was eventually reunited with his mother, who was also at Stutthof, and later his father too in the UK. One witness said: I was working in the kitchen at Birkenau (Auschwitz) when I saw a woman, whose daughter was in an adjoining camp, go to the dividing wire in order to speak to her daughter. This blog has been around for a while. In a 2017 book, Holocaust survivor Lina Haag claimed Lichtenberg prisoners were stripped naked and tied to wooden posts, where Maria Mandl would then beat us mercilessly until she could no longer lift her arm., Mandl looked for women who had broken the rules by curling their hair and even one single curl would mean a woman was kicked to the ground and beaten around the head, or she would shave their head and parade them around the camp with a sign around their neck that read: I broke the rules and curled my hair.. As Soviet forces closed in on Stutthof in late April 1945, the Nazis decided to abandon the camp and sent the remaining inmates on a death march. [citation needed], Conditions in the camp were extremely harsh;[16] tens of thousands of prisoners succumbed to starvation and disease. Barkmann was sentenced to hang, along with ten other defendants. She was sentenced to death, alongside Bormann and Grese, after being found guilty of crimes against humanity. Arraigned 27 ex-officials and guards were judged; 26 were found guilty, and one was acquitted. A much higher total was reported by Colonel Howard A. Buechner, the chief medical officer of the 45th Infantry Division, who was at the camp during and after the liberation. Wow, Geocities links. It was also surrounded by electrified barbed-wire fence and contained thirty new barracks, raising the total area to 1.2 square kilometres (0.46sqmi). [2][5], The last two trials in Poland concerning two Stutthof concentration camp officials took place four years apart. PD-Polish Public Domain. Historydefined.net is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com, Copyright 2023 History Defined | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme.